Natural Mineral Water and Diuresis: A Systematic Review
Vitali M, Fontana M, De Giorgi A, Marotta D, Crucianelli S, Antonucci A, Protano C · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · 2023 April 17
DOI 10.3390/ijerph20085527
Objective
To systematically evaluate the diuretic effects of natural mineral water consumption on healthy individuals, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, and analyzing studies conducted on both humans and animals.
Conclusions
All 12 identified studies, conducted primarily in Italy, demonstrated an increase in diuresis associated with the consumption of natural mineral water, often observed after a single administration. However, the study quality, particularly in older research, is deemed suboptimal, emphasizing the need for more robust clinical studies with improved methodologies and advanced statistical data processing.
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Insights
Consumption of natural mineral water increases diuresis in both humans and animals, evident sometimes after just one intake.
This systematic review, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, evaluated the diuretic effects of natural mineral water on healthy individuals. Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to November 2022, including both human and animal studies. A total of 12 studies were identified, predominantly from Italy and one from Bulgaria, covering publications from 1962 to 2019 for human studies and 1967 to 2001 for animal studies.
All included studies consistently reported an increase in diuresis following the consumption of natural mineral water, with some studies observing this effect after a single administration. However, the quality of these studies, especially the older ones, was noted to be suboptimal. The review underscores the need for newer clinical studies with improved methodological approaches and advanced statistical data processing to validate these findings more robustly.
