Insights & Discussion
Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Decoction was more effective and had fewer adverse reactions compared to the control group in the treatment of gout and the combined use of modified GSZD with other treatments showed decreased levels of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
This meta-analysis of 22 randomized controlled trials showed that Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Decoction (GSZD) was more effective and had lower adverse reactions compared to the control group for gout, and the combined use of modified GSZD with other treatments showed significant decreases in C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels.
Discover Related Insights
Traditional Chinese medicine exhibits fewer side effects while effectively controlling inflammation and serum uric acid in gout patients.
2022 Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Phytochemicals in traditional Chinese medicine can treat gout by regulating intestinal flora through inactivating NLRP3 and inhibiting XOD activity Liu ZQ, Sun X, Liu ZB, Zhang T, Zhang LL, Wu CJ
Gout Intestinal Flora
In the methodology, the research used herbs as a primary resource, focusing on their phytochemicals. The study examined how these phytochemicals exert anti-inflammatory effects by inactivating the NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as lowering uric acid through the inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity and the up-regulation of URAT1 and GLUT9 expressions. Further, the study explored the relation of changes in intestinal flora and gout, with Chinese herbs acting like prebiotics to modify this flora.
In terms of results, the study found an increase in the abundance of certain beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroidetes, and Prevotella, and a decrease in Proteus and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio post traditional Chinese medicine treatment. The alterations in the intestinal flora led to changes in its metabolites, which eventually impacted inflammatory signaling pathways, regulating gene expressions and suppressing xanthine oxidase activity. The study also observed the relation between the disruption of the intestinal barrier and the onset of gout.
DKB114, a mixture of Linn flower extract, effectively reduces serum uric acid level, suggesting its potential as a dietary supplement for hyperuricemia treatment.
2020 Nutrients A 12-Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial for Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of DKB114 on Reduction of Uric Acid in Serum Park YH, Kim DH, Lee JS, Jeong HI, Lee KW, Kang TH
Randomised Controlled Trial Gout Hyperuricemia Uric Acid
The research employed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted across a span of 12 weeks. A total of 80 asymptomatic hyperuricemic subjects (serum uric acid level between 7.0-9.0 mg/dL) were selected and equally split into two groups. One group was administered DKB114, the investigational mixture of extracts, while the other group received a placebo.
After six weeks of administration, the levels of serum uric acid were evaluated, revealing no significant difference between the two groups. By the end of the 12th week, however, subjects in the DKB114 group exhibited a noticeably larger decrease in their serum uric acid levels when compared to the placebo group. Additionally, various other health indicators including C-reactive protein and apoprotein B levels showed significant trends favoring DKB114.
Further evaluations during the trial included clinical pathological tests, weight measurements and vital signs, and electrocardiogram tests which confirmed the safety of DKB114. No significant harmful effects or differences were detected in comparison to the placebo group. This concludes the positive impact and safe use of DKB114 for patients with elevated serum uric acid levels.
Gout patients regularly ingesting cherry extract/juice reported fewer gout flare ups than those patients who did not supplement their diets with cherry products.
2019 Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Effectiveness of Cherries in Reducing Uric Acid and Gout: A Systematic Review Chen PE, Liu CY, Chien WH, Chien CW, Tung TH
Systematic Review Cherry Gout Uric Acid
The six studies included in this systematic review reported decreases in the incidence and severity of gout following the ingestion of cherries. Gout patients regularly ingesting cherry extract/juice reported fewer gout flare ups than those patients who did not supplement their diets with cherry products. Overall, we observed a positive correlation between the consumption of tart cherry juice and a decrease in serum uric acid concentration.
Luteolin, found in chrysanthemum flower extract, can potentially reduce serum uric acid levels, suggesting it may help prevent gout.
2017 Integrative Molecular Medicine Luteolin-rich chrysanthemum flower extract suppresses baseline serum uric acid in Japanese subjects with mild hyperuricemia Hirano M, Takeda S, Hitoe S, Shimoda H
Randomised Controlled Trial Chrysanthemum Gout Luteolin
The research involved two double-blind placebo-controlled studies examining the impacts of chrysanthemum flower extract enriched with luteolin on serum uric acid levels. In a single-dose study, fasting participants consumed a capsule loaded with the luteolin-rich extract before partaking in a high purine meal, with uric acid levels evaluated over time. The second study involved repeated consumption of the capsule over a 4-week period, with fasting serum uric acid measured before and after consumption.
The research found that although luteolin did not significantly affect uric acid levels immediately after consumption, there was an observed decrease in these levels following four weeks of continued ingestion. Most notably, subjects with a baseline uric acid level between 5.5 to 7.0 mg/dL saw a significant reduction after they consumed chrysanthemum flower extract. The trial also established that no adverse effects resulted from the ingestion of the extract.
A mixture of Chrysanthemum indicum Linne flower and Cinnamomum cassia significantly mitigates hyperuricemia in rats by inhibiting xanthine oxidase activity and enhancing uric acid excretion.
2017 Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Synergistic Uric Acid-Lowering Effects of the Combination of Chrysanthemum indicum Linne Flower and Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Persl Bark Extracts Lee YS, Son E, Kim SH, Lee YM, Kim OS, Kim DS
Network Pharmacology Chrysanthemum Gout Uric Acid
In this experiment, the authors evaluated the impact of a combined extract from Chrysanthemum indicum Linne flower (CF) and Cinnamomum cassia (CB) on hyperuricemia, a condition associated with excessive uric acid in the bloodstream. The study was conducted on both normal and hyperuricemic rats induced by potassium oxonate. Uric acid levels and renal excretion were primarily measured to analyse the potential antihyperuricemic properties of the CF and CB mix.
From the experiment, it was found that the CF and CB blend led to a significant reduction in uric acid levels in both normal and hyperuricemic rats, with the effect being stronger compared to either CF or CB in isolation. Additionally, the mixture caused an increase in uric acid elimination through the kidneys in the hyperuricemic rats, pointing to its potential antihyperuricemic action. It was also discovered that the mixture and its primary components, namely, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid, coumarin, cinnamaldehyde, trans-cinnamic acid, and o-methoxycinnamaldehyde, mitigated the action of xanthine oxidase (an enzyme that accelerates uric acid production) in vitro. This partial xanthine oxidase inhibition sheds light on the underlying mechanism of the antihyperuricemic effect by the CF and CB mixture.
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