Prostate Cancer
Recent Insights
Cocoa bean husk, a by-product of cocoa processing, exhibits potent antioxidant and anticancer effects on prostate cancer cells due to its high phenolic compound content.
Cocoa Prostate Cancer
Mandarin peel oil induced preferential inhibition of human prostate cancer cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner.
Prostate Cancer
Regular carrot consumption could potentially reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
Carrot Prostate Cancer
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Research Articles
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Carrot and carotene and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of the evidence
2023 Jan 17 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Yi X, Li J, Liao D, Peng G, Zheng X, Xu H, et al.
Review Article Lung Cancer Sunburn Carrot Carotene Cataracts Stomach Cancer Anticancer Urothelial Cancer Breast Cancer Alzheimer's DiseaseCarrot and carotene consumption could diminish the risk of a wide range of negative health consequences, including multiple types of cancer.
Antioxidant and apoptotic activity of cocoa bean husk extract on prostate cancer cells
2021 Nov 30 Molecular & Cellular Toxicology Choi J, Yang C, Lim W, Song G, Choi H
Experimental Study Cocoa Prostate CancerCocoa bean husk, a by-product of cocoa processing, exhibits potent antioxidant and anticancer effects on prostate cancer cells due to its high phenolic compound content.
(-)-Epicatechin acts as a potent agonist of the membrane androgen receptor, ZIP9 (SLC39A9), to promote apoptosis of breast and prostate cancer cells
2021 Jul The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Thomas P, Dong J
Results of the present study provide clear evidence that the catechins, (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin have high binding affinities for the membrane androgen receptor, ZIP9, and modulate ZIP9-dependent signaling and apoptotic functions in nuclear androgen receptor-null prostate and breast cancer cells. This indicate (-)-epicatechin is a potent ZIP9 agonist in breast and prostate cancer cells.
Network Pharmacology Breast Cancer EGCG Epicatechin Green Tea Prostate CancerEstimation of mandarin peel oil–induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human normal fibroblast and cancerous prostate cell lines
2020 Nov Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods Hussien NA, Mohamed HRH.
Prostate CancerMandarin peel oil induced preferential inhibition of human prostate cancer cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner.
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer
2020 Mar 02 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Filippini T, Malavolti M, Borrelli F, Izzo AA, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Horneber M, et al.
Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Green Tea CancerGreen tea, containing antioxidative catechins, may possess some beneficial effects in reducing the risk of specific types of cancer.
Research Insights
Insights are moderated by the Research Hub team and offer an at-a-glance overview of interesting research findings.
Carrot and carotene consumption could diminish the risk of a wide range of negative health consequences, including multiple types of cancer.
2023 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Carrot and carotene and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of the evidence Yi X, Li J, Liao D, Peng G, Zheng X, Xu H, et al.
Review Article Alzheimer's Disease Anticancer Breast Cancer
An umbrella review methodology was adopted to identify connections between carrot and carotene intake and various health outcomes. We turned to databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase to find the needed data. The analysis included the collected evidence from both interventional and observational studies that focused on carrots, carotene, and any related health impact. To estimate the summary effect size for each correlation, both random and fixed effects models were employed.
The study reviewed a total of 1329 studies and utilized the data from 30 meta-analyses with 26 health outcomes that fit the eligibility requirements. These featured outcomes related to various types of cancer, fractures, age-related cataract, sunburn, and Alzheimer's disease. The associations were analyzed between the health outcomes and the intake of carrots, intake of carotene, and serum carotene levels.
M&CT
Cocoa bean husk, a by-product of cocoa processing, exhibits potent antioxidant and anticancer effects on prostate cancer cells due to its high phenolic compound content.
2021 Molecular & Cellular Toxicology Antioxidant and apoptotic activity of cocoa bean husk extract on prostate cancer cells Choi J, Yang C, Lim W, Song G, Choi H
Experimental Study Cocoa
The methodology of the study involved fractionating ethanol crude extract of cocoa bean husk (CBH) and comparing the total polyphenol and flavonoid content, as well as radical scavenging activities, of the various fractions. The phenolic compounds present in the ethanol ethyl acetate (EAF) and butanol (BF) fractions were further analysed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). These fractions were then applied to prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 to ascertain their impact.
The results indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest phytochemical content and antioxidant activity, closely followed by the butanol fraction. The presence of abundant phenolic compounds, namely catechin, epicatechin, and procyanidin B, was observed in both fractions. Moreover, both fractions induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in the prostate cancer cells in a concentration-dependant manner, demonstrating their potential anticancer effects.
Mandarin peel oil induced preferential inhibition of human prostate cancer cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner.
2020 Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods Estimation of mandarin peel oil–induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human normal fibroblast and cancerous prostate cell lines Hussien NA, Mohamed HRH.
The time-dependent induction of DNA breaks demonstrated in PC3 cells treated with MPO safe concentration-stimulated ROS generation and apoptotic DNA damage through increased expression of tumor suppressor p53 and Bax genes and decreased expression of Bcl2 and MDM2 genes. In contrast, non-significant changes were observed in the DNA integrity, ROS levels and expressions of the tested genes in the normal HFB4 cells treated with MPO. Thus, we concluded that MPO induced preferential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects toward cancerous PC3 with no noticeable toxic effects in normal HFB4 cells and therefore further in vivo studies are recommended to test its possible use as anticancer drugs.
Green tea, containing antioxidative catechins, may possess some beneficial effects in reducing the risk of specific types of cancer.
2020 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer Filippini T, Malavolti M, Borrelli F, Izzo AA, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Horneber M, et al.
Systematic Review Cancer Green Tea
The study team performed an extensive review of 142 completed and 2 ongoing studies up to January 2019. These studies encompassed all types of epidemiological studies: experimental (randomised controlled trials) and nonexperimental (observational studies with both cohort and case-control design) that looked into the association of green tea consumption with cancer risk or quality of life, or both. Data extraction and methodological quality assessment of these studies were performed independently by two or more review authors. These efforts were organized and the results summarized according to the type of cancer diagnosis.
The data was sourced from CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and referenced lists of earlier reviews and included studies. The studies focused on investigating the links between cancer incidence and mortality rates, safety data, quality of life, and green tea consumption.
Numerous studies came with a high degree of methodological quality, based on 'Risk of bias' assessment. The placebos in 11 studies involving a total of 1795 participants were green tea extracts. On another note, the studies indicated some side effects linked to high intakes of green tea with more than a million participants undertaking the non-experimental studies.
Despite inconclusive evidence, experimental and nonexperimental epidemiological studies suggested potential beneficial effects of green tea consumption on the overall risk of cancer or on certain types of cancer. Variations of the beneficial effects of green tea were observable across different cancer types, indicating a decrease in rate ratios (RR) in the highest category of green tea consumption versus the lowest. A detailed analysis based on study design exhibited conflicting results for some types of cancers, showing an increased RR in cohort studies and a decreased or no difference in RR in case-control studies. However, the overall interpretability of these RR estimates was limited by methodological issues, such as low study numbers and inconsistencies with cohort study results. Lastly, it's important to note that the majority of included studies were conducted within populations with a high intake of green tea, mainly Asian, thus limiting the general applicability of the findings to other populations.
Regular carrot consumption could potentially reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
2014 European Journal of Nutrition Dietary carrot consumption and the risk of prostate cancer Xu X, Cheng Y, Li S, Zhu Y, Xu X, Zheng X, et al.
Systematic Review Carrot
The study methodology entailed conducting an extensive literature search of papers published in August 2013 via various academic databases as well as scanning references from retrieved articles. Key focus was given toward summary risk estimates for individuals with the highest versus the lowest intake of carrots. A vital component of the study was the conducting of a dose-response meta-analysis for those studies that reported categorical risk estimates for a range of exposure levels.
The study's findings suggest a statistically considerable lower risk of prostate cancer in connection with carrot consumption, being deemed significant even after testing for publication bias. Furthermore, a dose-response meta-analysis proposed that a weekly serving, or an incremental daily intake of 10 grams of carrots, contributed to the decreased risk estimate of prostate cancer. The application of Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test indicated that the publication bias was not statistically significant.
Review Articles
Review articles summarise and critically evaluate the current state of research on a specific topic or field by synthesising multiple primary research studies.
Carrot and carotene and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of the evidence
2023 Jan 17 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Yi X, Li J, Liao D, Peng G, Zheng X, Xu H, et al.
Review Article Lung Cancer Sunburn Carrot Carotene Cataracts Stomach Cancer Anticancer Urothelial Cancer Breast Cancer Alzheimer's DiseaseCarrot and carotene consumption could diminish the risk of a wide range of negative health consequences, including multiple types of cancer.
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer
2020 Mar 02 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Filippini T, Malavolti M, Borrelli F, Izzo AA, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Horneber M, et al.
Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Green Tea CancerGreen tea, containing antioxidative catechins, may possess some beneficial effects in reducing the risk of specific types of cancer.
Impact of soy consumption on human health: integrative review
2020 Jan Brazilian Journal of Food Technology Nogueira-de-Almeida CA, Ferraz IS, Ued FV, Almeida ACF, Ciampo LAD
The integrative review on soy consumption and its effects on human health, based on 97 selected studies, provides insights into various aspects including its impact on protein quality, early exposure using soy formulas, and effects on conditions such as breast cancer, endometrial and ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, cardiovascular disease, glucose metabolism, type 2 diabetes, obesity, reproductive health, menopause, osteoporosis, microbiota, immunity, immunomodulation, thyroid function, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and renal function.
Review Article SoybeanDietary carrot consumption and the risk of prostate cancer
2014 Feb 12 European Journal of Nutrition Xu X, Cheng Y, Li S, Zhu Y, Xu X, Zheng X, et al.
Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Prostate Cancer CarrotRegular carrot consumption could potentially reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
How long do the effects of acupuncture on hot flashes persist in cancer patients?
2014 Jan 30 Supportive Care in Cancer Frisk, J. W., Hammar, M. L., Ingvar, M., et al.
Review ArticleClinical Trials
Clinical trials are research studies that involve people and are conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of new treatments or interventions, such as drugs, medical devices, or behavioural therapies.
Study Protocols
Published study protocols are detailed plans that outline the objectives, methodology, statistical analyses, and organisation of a research study that have been made publicly available for others to review and use as a reference.
Presentation Slides
Review Article
Carrot and carotene consumption could diminish the risk of a wide range of negative health consequences, including multiple types of cancer.
Yi X, Li J, Liao D, Peng G, Zheng X, Xu H, Zhang T, Ai J
Experimental Study
Cocoa bean husk, a by-product of cocoa processing, exhibits potent antioxidant and anticancer effects on prostate cancer cells due to its high phenolic compound content.
Choi J, Yang C, Lim W, Song G, Choi H
Mandarin peel oil induced preferential inhibition of human prostate cancer cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner.
Hussien NA, Mohamed HRH.
Systematic Review
Green tea, containing antioxidative catechins, may possess some beneficial effects in reducing the risk of specific types of cancer.
Filippini T, Malavolti M, Borrelli F, Izzo AA, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Horneber M, Vinceti M
Systematic Review
Regular carrot consumption could potentially reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
Xu X, Cheng Y, Li S, Zhu Y, Xu X, Zheng X, Mao Q, Xie L
Executive Summary
Write an executive summary in the form of a blog article on the topic of "Research into Chinese medicine treatment for Prostate Cancer" summarising the research below and using language that can be easily understood by patients and avoiding medical jargon using a professional and caring tone of voice.
Write an executive summary in the form of a blog article on the topic of "Researched Chinese medicine treatments for Prostate Cancer" summarising the research below in an objective and easy to understand way, and using language that can be easily understood by patients. Group the article into Chinese medicine treatments first, followed by nutrition and other treatments. Avoid using medical jargon and use a professional and caring tone of voice.
Write me a concise but easy to understand executive summary on the topic of "Chinese medicine treatments for Prostate Cancer" based on the following research that I will give you. Your summary should be 2 paragraphs long in Australian English spelling and include references to the studies.
A Review Article published in 2023 in the journal Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture found that Carrot and carotene consumption could diminish the risk of a wide range of negative health consequences, including multiple types of cancer. An umbrella review methodology was adopted to identify connections between carrot and carotene intake and various health outcomes. We turned to databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase to find the needed data. The analysis included the collected evidence from both interventional and observational studies that focused on carrots, carotene, and any related health impact. To estimate the summary effect size for each correlation, both random and fixed effects models were employed. The study reviewed a total of 1329 studies and utilized the data from 30 meta-analyses with 26 health outcomes that fit the eligibility requirements. These featured outcomes related to various types of cancer, fractures, age-related cataract, sunburn, and Alzheimer's disease. The associations were analyzed between the health outcomes and the intake of carrots, intake of carotene, and serum carotene levels.
A Experimental Study published in 2021 in the journal Molecular & Cellular Toxicology found that Cocoa bean husk, a by-product of cocoa processing, exhibits potent antioxidant and anticancer effects on prostate cancer cells due to its high phenolic compound content. The methodology of the study involved fractionating ethanol crude extract of cocoa bean husk (CBH) and comparing the total polyphenol and flavonoid content, as well as radical scavenging activities, of the various fractions. The phenolic compounds present in the ethanol ethyl acetate (EAF) and butanol (BF) fractions were further analysed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). These fractions were then applied to prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 to ascertain their impact. The results indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest phytochemical content and antioxidant activity, closely followed by the butanol fraction. The presence of abundant phenolic compounds, namely catechin, epicatechin, and procyanidin B, was observed in both fractions. Moreover, both fractions induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in the prostate cancer cells in a concentration-dependant manner, demonstrating their potential anticancer effects.
A published in 2020 in the journal Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods found that Mandarin peel oil induced preferential inhibition of human prostate cancer cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The time-dependent induction of DNA breaks demonstrated in PC3 cells treated with MPO safe concentration-stimulated ROS generation and apoptotic DNA damage through increased expression of tumor suppressor p53 and Bax genes and decreased expression of Bcl2 and MDM2 genes. In contrast, non-significant changes were observed in the DNA integrity, ROS levels and expressions of the tested genes in the normal HFB4 cells treated with MPO. Thus, we concluded that MPO induced preferential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects toward cancerous PC3 with no noticeable toxic effects in normal HFB4 cells and therefore further in vivo studies are recommended to test its possible use as anticancer drugs.
A Systematic Review published in 2020 in the journal Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews found that Green tea, containing antioxidative catechins, may possess some beneficial effects in reducing the risk of specific types of cancer. The study team performed an extensive review of 142 completed and 2 ongoing studies up to January 2019. These studies encompassed all types of epidemiological studies: experimental (randomised controlled trials) and nonexperimental (observational studies with both cohort and case-control design) that looked into the association of green tea consumption with cancer risk or quality of life, or both. Data extraction and methodological quality assessment of these studies were performed independently by two or more review authors. These efforts were organized and the results summarized according to the type of cancer diagnosis. The data was sourced from CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and referenced lists of earlier reviews and included studies. The studies focused on investigating the links between cancer incidence and mortality rates, safety data, quality of life, and green tea consumption. Numerous studies came with a high degree of methodological quality, based on 'Risk of bias' assessment. The placebos in 11 studies involving a total of 1795 participants were green tea extracts. On another note, the studies indicated some side effects linked to high intakes of green tea with more than a million participants undertaking the non-experimental studies. Despite inconclusive evidence, experimental and nonexperimental epidemiological studies suggested potential beneficial effects of green tea consumption on the overall risk of cancer or on certain types of cancer. Variations of the beneficial effects of green tea were observable across different cancer types, indicating a decrease in rate ratios (RR) in the highest category of green tea consumption versus the lowest. A detailed analysis based on study design exhibited conflicting results for some types of cancers, showing an increased RR in cohort studies and a decreased or no difference in RR in case-control studies. However, the overall interpretability of these RR estimates was limited by methodological issues, such as low study numbers and inconsistencies with cohort study results. Lastly, it's important to note that the majority of included studies were conducted within populations with a high intake of green tea, mainly Asian, thus limiting the general applicability of the findings to other populations.
A Systematic Review published in 2014 in the journal European Journal of Nutrition found that Regular carrot consumption could potentially reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The study methodology entailed conducting an extensive literature search of papers published in August 2013 via various academic databases as well as scanning references from retrieved articles. Key focus was given toward summary risk estimates for individuals with the highest versus the lowest intake of carrots. A vital component of the study was the conducting of a dose-response meta-analysis for those studies that reported categorical risk estimates for a range of exposure levels. The study's findings suggest a statistically considerable lower risk of prostate cancer in connection with carrot consumption, being deemed significant even after testing for publication bias. Furthermore, a dose-response meta-analysis proposed that a weekly serving, or an incremental daily intake of 10 grams of carrots, contributed to the decreased risk estimate of prostate cancer. The application of Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test indicated that the publication bias was not statistically significant.
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This review only included 1 RCT. —Ve-Vinn L 24 Sep 2021