This article contains findings obtained from research on animals:
- The results from animal research studies should not be directly applied to humans and the results may not generalise to the human population.
- There may be significant differences between species in terms of physiology, physiology, and pharmacology, as well as differences in the way diseases and treatments are modelled in animals.
- Any conclusions drawn from animal research should be considered with caution and in the context of other types of research studies such as observational studies, clinical trials, and reviews of the literature.
Insights & Discussion
Adzuki beans, when added to a high-fat diet, lessen obesity, improve liver function, enhance insulin sensitivity, and balance gut microbiota.
In the experiment, mice were placed on one of three diets for 12 weeks: a low-fat diet, a high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet supplemented with 15% adzuki beans. The study observed and tested for changes related to obesity, lipid accumulation, serum lipid and lipopolysaccharide levels, liver function, hepatic steatosis, glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and gut microbiota imbalances. Through a process called PICRUSt2 analysis, the researchers were then able to draw potential associations between changes in the gut microbiota and the metabolism of various substances.
In the discussion of the results, the supplementation of adzuki beans to a high-fat diet had a significant impact. Obesity and lipid accumulation were visibly reduced, as were negative impacts on liver function and unhealthy levels of serum lipids and lipopolysaccharides. Notably, glucose homeostasis was improved through an increase in insulin sensitivity. The imbalances in gut microbiota, typically seen in a high-fat diet, were significantly reversed through adzuki bean supplementation. High-fat diet dependent taxa returned to a more normal status, which in turn suggested associations with the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, sulfur, and two types of amino acids.
Discover Related Insights
Cooked adzuki beans contribute notably to preventing obesity and regulating gut microbiota composition, while also alleviating systemic inflammation and metabolic disorders.
2022 Frontiers in Nutrition Cooked Adzuki Bean Reduces High-Fat Diet-Induced Body Weight Gain, Ameliorates Inflammation, and Modulates Intestinal Homeostasis in Mice Zhao Q, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Wang H, Dai Z, Yang X, et al.
Animal Study Adzuki Bean Anti-Inflammatory Fatty Liver Disease
The methodology involved a controlled experiment where mice were fed diets of varying lipid content: a low-fat diet or a high-fat diet. The specific twist in this experiment was the inclusion or exclusion of cooked adzuki beans to their diet, ensuring 15% of the diet comprised of this. The duration of this dietary regimen was 12 weeks.
In the discussion of results, it was discovered that cooked adzuki beans provided key beneficial effects. This included a significant inhibition of weight gain and hepatic steatosis, a reduction in high levels of specific markers such as serum triacylglycerol, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, providing a counter to systemic inflammation and metabolism-related endotoxemia commonly found in those consuming a high-fat diet. Moreover, the inclusion of adzuki beans positively affected the gut microbiota composition, reducing fat-inducing bacteria and enriching the gut with beneficial bacteria to help alleviate inflammation and metabolic disorders associated with high-fat diets.
Adzuki bean paste consumption can reduce fat accumulation in rats by lowering energy intake and altering gut microbiota composition.
2020 Food Research International Dietary adzuki bean paste dose-dependently reduces visceral fat accumulation in rats fed a normal diet Han KH, Ohashi S, Sasaki K, Nagata R, Pelpolage S, Fukuma N, et al.
Animal Study Adzuki Bean Gut Microbiota Obesity
The study evaluated the impact of adzuki bean paste (ABP) on visceral fat accumulation in rats by administering different doses of ABP - 30% and 58.9% in their diets for a period of 28 days. ABP, being a good source of indigestible carbohydrates with fiber and resistant starch, forms an influential part of the rats' diet. The daily dietary energy intake was observed during this period, with particular attention to fecal lipid and fecal acidic sterol excretions, which were found to be increased in a dose-dependent manner. Certain observations within the body of the rats, including the condition of cecal content and fecal moisture, were also monitored.
In discussing the results of administrating ABP in the diet, it was observed that visceral fat accumulation and serum lipid levels were reduced. Both groups of rats - those given a diet with 30% ABP and those with 58.9% ABP - showed significantly higher cecal acetic, propionic, and n-butyric acids and lowered cecal pH, regardless of the ABP dose. The ABP diet also reflected altered microbial community data, with higher alpha-diversities than a control group. The study further revealed through cecal bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing that the ABP supplemented diets also impacted the ratio of two types of bacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. The findings hence suggest that the cecal fermentation of fiber and resistant starch in ABP was instrumental in reducing fat accumulation.
Adzuki beans, rich in flavonoids and saponins, can potentially prevent obesity by inhibiting enzymes related to fat accumulation and enhancing lipid breakdown.
2017 Frontiers in Pharmacology Saponins and Flavonoids from Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis L.) Ameliorate High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in ICR Mice Liu R, Zheng Y, Cai Z, Xu B
Network Pharmacology Adzuki Bean Obesity
The study involved both in vitro and in vivo experimentations. Flavonoids and saponins from adzuki beans were examined for possible inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase activities, and noradrenaline-induced lipolysis. Additionally, an obesity model in mice, stimulated by a high-fat diet, was established to explore the beans' potential anti-obesity properties. Over a period of 8 weeks, changes in the mice's serum and liver lipid parameters were carefully monitored during the intervention process.
The results demonstrated that extracts from adzuki beans could enhance the process of lipolysis. When administered orally to mice, the beans significantly lessened the total body weight and accumulation of adipose tissue compared to the group on a high-fat-diet. Changes were also observed in the lipid levels, both in serum and liver, with notable reductions in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and liver lipids. These findings suggest that adzuki beans' anti-obesity effects may be due to the inhibitory action of their flavonoids and saponins on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities, along with the lipid-metabolizing properties of their active components.