A systematic review on black pepper (Piper nigrum L.): from folk uses to pharmacological applications
2019 Feb 11 Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Takooree H, Aumeeruddy MZ, Rengasamy KRR, Venugopala KN, Jeewon R, Zengin G, et al.
Piper nigrum, known as the "King of spices," possesses diverse medicinal properties. It is traditionally used for conditions such as menstrual disorders and ear-nose-throat issues in humans, and gastrointestinal disorders in livestock. Pharmacologically, Piper nigrum and its bioactive compounds, particularly piperine, exhibit antimicrobial effects (against various pathogens), antioxidant properties (scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species), anticancer activities (against breast, colon, cervical, and prostate cancers), and effects on diabetes management (antidiabetic and hypolipidemic). Additionally, it shows anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticonvulsant, and neuroprotective effects. Most studies have been conducted in vitro, suggesting a need for more in vivo experiments and clinical trials to fully explore its potential.
Systematic Review Black Pepper