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A polysaccharide from Tremella aurantialba improves ulcerative colitis symptoms by targeting epithelial cell ferroptosis and modulating the gut microbiota.
2024 International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Tremella aurantialba polysaccharides alleviate ulcerative colitis in mice by improving intestinal barrier via modulating gut microbiota and inhibiting ferroptosis Peng G, Wang S, Zhang H, Xie F, Jiao L, Yuan Y, et al.
Animal Study Gut Microbiota Intestinal Barrier Ulcerative Colitis
The methodology used in this research involved isolating TA 2-1, a specific polysaccharide from Tremella Aurantialba, and studying its effects on ulcerative colitis. This was done by introducing it to Caco-2 cells that were undergoing ferroptosis and assessing its impact on cell viability. The influence of TA 2-1 was also examined in mice with artificially induced ulcerative colitis, verifying its ameliorating effects in an in-vivo context. The structure of TA 2-1 and its components were analysed and the polysaccharide's interaction with gut microbiota was explored to understand how it might modulate symptoms or prevent cell death.
The results of this study showed that TA 2-1 does not only decrease the rate of cell death in epithelial cells undergoing ferroptosis, but it also repairs the intestinal barrier by upregulating specific proteins such as claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1. TA 2-1 was also found to suppress lipid peroxidation, thus inhibiting ferroptosis. Further investigation revealed that TA 2-1 may alleviate ulcerative colitis by influencing the composition or metabolites of gut microbiota. This research offers promising insight into the potential of TA 2-1 in treating ulcerative colitis.
A beverage formula containing fish roe, snow fungus, and yeast enhances cognitive function by improving memory, response times, and emotional recognition, while reducing anxiety and fatigue.
2023 Nutrients Effectiveness of Fish Roe, Snow Fungus, and Yeast Supplementation for Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Lin YK, Lin YH, Chiang CF, Jingling L
Randomised Controlled Trial Cognitive Function Fish Roe Yeast
In the study, 64 volunteers were divided into two equal groups, with one group consuming a placebo and the other consuming the formula beverage for a duration of 8 weeks. Cognitive testing was performed initially and at two follow-up points, weeks 4 and 8. Variables tested included memory recall, identification of objects over time, response times, emotional recognition from facial expressions and self-reported anxiety and fatigue levels.
The results demonstrated that by weeks 4 and 8, those who consumed the formula beverage showed notable advancements in cognitive functions. These individuals were able to remember objects better and had quicker response times. Notably, they also registered a significant improvement in recognizing happy faces and displayed reduced anxiety and fatigue. Overall, the beverage holds promise as an intervention tool for cognitive improvement in individuals reporting subjective cognitive issues.
Oral administration of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides may constitute a new, effective therapy for Atopic dermatitis, improving both immune response and intestinal microbiota.
2022 Frontiers in Pharmacology Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides alleviate induced atopic dermatitis in mice by regulating immune response and gut microbiota Xie L, Yang K, Liang Y, Zhu Z, Yuan Z, Du Z
Experimental Study Eczema Gut Microbiota Polysaccharides
In the methodology of this study, the therapeutic effects of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (these have multiple biological activities), on Atopic dermatitis, were examined through both topical application and oral administration on mice induced with Atopic dermatitis-like disorder. The changes across transdermal water loss, epidermal thickening, and ear edema in the affected mice were observed. Notably, the study also considered the polysaccharides' impacts on the proportion of specific regulatory T cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes of the mice.
The results showed that both therapeutic methods positively impacted the conditions of the affected mice, with oral administration offering superior efficacy over topical application. The oral administration of the polysaccharides led to an increase of specific regulatory T cells, evidence of immune regulation. Further, non-targeted metabolomics and sequencing of certain DNA amplicons pointed towards observable modulation in fecal metabolites and a changed composition of gut microbiota in the mice following the oral treatment.
Tremella polysaccharide is a safe natural active ingredient, which can be used in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of diseases.
2021 International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology A review on the production, structure, bioactivities and applications of Tremella polysaccharides Ma, X., Yang, M., He, Y., et al.
Systematic Review Polysaccharides
Tremella polysaccharide is a full-functioning active substance, and any of its activities are not independent, but complementary to other activities. For example, Tremella polysaccharides can participate in various physiological activities such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, inflammation and aging by regulating the expression of SIRT1 protein, which is in line with the guidelines of eastern medicine to maintain the dynamic balance of the human body through conditioning. Tremella polysaccharides are non-toxic and harmless natural ingredients that can be used for long-term contact with the human body by smearing or oral administration. It means that Tremella polysaccharides are suitable for the daily health needs of sub-healthy people and can be widely used in food, medicine and daily chemical products.
These results indicate that a certain concentration of snow fungus polysaccharides can effectively alleviate skin damage caused by UVA, and they may be used as an effective component of cosmetics.
2021 Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides inhibit UVA-induced photodamage of human dermal fibroblast cells by activating up-regulating Nrf2/Keap1 pathways Fu H, You S, Zhao D, An Q, Zhang J, Wang C, et al.
Systematic Review Polysaccharides
Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (TFPS) pretreatment can reduce the oxidative stress of UVA-treated human dermal fibroblasts cells. After TFPS pretreatment, the content of ROS and MDA in the cell decreased significantly and the total antioxidant activity was increased. Among them, the active of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px in the cells increased significantly. TFPS can also protect fibroblasts by up-regulating Nrf2 and down-regulating Keap1 expression. Finally, it was also found that TFPS pretreatment increased the content of collagen I, elastin, and hyaluronic acid (HA) in skin fibroblasts treated with UVA.
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