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Turmeric curcuminoids are associated with better pain relief than NSAIDs in knee osteoarthritis.
The meta-analysis results showed that curcuminoids were significantly more effective than comparators regarding visual analogue scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scores.
However, no significant difference in pain relief or AEs between the high-dose (daily dose ≥1000 mg or total dose ≥42 gm) and low-dose (daily dose <1000 mg or total dose <42 gm) curcuminoid treatments was observed.
When comparing curcumininoids versus NSAIDs, a significant difference in VAS pain was found. For AE analysis, three of our included studies used NSAIDs as comparators, with all reporting higher AE rates in the NSAID group, though significance was reached in only one study.
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Through innovative refinement, nanocurcumin, evolved from turmeric's primary component curcumin, has improved characteristics and pharmaceutical potential, particularly in drug delivery systems.
2023 Reference Series in Phytochemistry Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Jyotirmayee B, Nayak SS, Mohapatra N, Sahoo S, Mishra M, Mahalik G
Review Article Bioactive Compounds Biological Activities Turmeric
The methodology of the research involved analyzing the cultivation, storage, and surrounding environmental factors crucial to turmeric production, such as soil condition and climate. This was intertwined with investigations into the chemical composition of turmeric, focusing mainly on curcumin, its main component. Moving forward, the study then evaluated curcumin analogs and formulations, leading to a deep dive into the relatively new development of nanocurcumin.
The discussion of the research results revealed several interesting findings. Firstly, turmeric exhibited a variety of useful properties, highlighting its role in traditional medicine and livelihood in Indian tribes. Most importantly, the research concluded the impressive potential of nanocurcumin. This altered form of curcumin showed not only enhanced characteristics but also possible applications in the pharmaceutical field, specifically for drug delivery systems.
Curcumin, a spice used in Indian cooking, shows potential therapeutic effects in various retinal diseases, including during the COVID era.
2022 Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology Role of Curcumin in Retinal Diseases—A review Chandrasekaran PR, Madanagopalan VG
Review Article Retinitis Pigmentosa Turmeric
The research used PubMed and MEDLINE databases to examine a wide range of studies pertaining to the role of curcumin in various retinal diseases and its use during the COVID era. Specific diseases investigated include diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, retinal ischemia reperfusion injury, and proliferative vitroretinopathy.
In these studies, curcumin's performance was tested in different experimental models, where it demonstrated pleiotropic effects through its action on various cell types like HRPC, HREC and ARPE-19. The research also evaluated the molecule's impact on retinal endothelial cells and its ability to inhibit actions of certain proteins and genes implicated in retinal disease. Moreover, the search also included curcumin's influence in the COVID-19 landscape.
Discussing the results, curcumin proved efficacious in retinal disease management by increasing antioxidant enzymes, reducing inflammatory mediators, and inhibiting growth factors. In the context of diabetic retinopathy specifically, curcumin acted by reducing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and inhibiting apoptosis-inducing proteins. Furthermore, curcumin downregulated several inflammatory molecules and hindered retinoblastoma cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. In the COVID era, curcumin showcased its potential by inhibiting viral replication and cytokine storm.
Pomegranate peel extract supplementation can decrease total cholesterol and triglyceride levels while boosting antioxidant status in obese women with knee osteoarthritis.
2021 Advances in Integrative Medicine Effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extract supplementation on serum lipid profile and oxidative stress in obese women with knee osteoarthritis: A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study Haghighian MK, Rafraf M, Hemmati S, Haghravan S, Asghari-Jafarabadi M
Randomised Controlled Trial Knee Osteoarthritis Pomegranate Peel
The research was a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial involving 66 obese women aged 38 to 60 years old with knee osteoarthritis. These participants were split into two groups, the intervention group and control group, each containing 33 members. The intervention group received pomegranate peel extract capsules (500 mg) twice daily for 8 weeks including standard drug therapy while the control group was given a placebo during the same period. All participants' fasting blood samples, anthropometric measurements, dietary intake data, and physical activity levels were collected both before the start and at the end of the trial.
Results analysis showed that pomegranate peel extract supplementation brought down levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and an oxidative stress marker while enhancing levels of some antioxidant enzymes and the overall antioxidant capacity when compared to the control group. However, there were no noticeable alterations between the two groups in terms of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and body mass index by the end of the experiment.
Consumption of certain foods like rapeseed/canola oil, avocados, and turmeric can lead to moderate to large reductions in LDL cholesterol levels.
2021 Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases The effects of foods on LDL cholesterol levels: A systematic review of the accumulated evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials Schoeneck M, Iggman D
Systematic Review Almond Avocado Flaxseed
The research was carried out by conducting a systematic evaluation of existing guidelines, systematic reviews, and Randomised Control Trials (RCTs); we have only referred to the latter for studies on coffee intake. This was done on databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, alongside a search on the Trip database for guidelines. The time frame for the study was from its inception up until June 2019 and October 2019 respectively. Studies were included if they were at least 13 days in duration and were in English. Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method, 37 guidelines, 108 systematic reviews, and 20 RCTs were evaluated to analyze the strength of evidence in the context of food impacts on LDL cholesterol levels.
The results of the research reveal that foods high in unsaturated and low in saturated and trans fatty acids such as rapeseed or canola oil, those with added plant sterols/stanols, and those high in soluble fibre like oats, barley and psyllium cause moderate reductions in LDL cholesterol. A moderate to a large increase was observed with unfiltered coffee though. Soy protein, tomatoes, flaxseeds, and almonds cause small reductions. Meanwhile, foods like avocados and turmeric cause moderate to large reductions with a moderate level of evidence supporting this observation. Other foods like pulses, hazelnuts, walnuts, high-fiber/wholegrain foods, green tea result in small to moderate reductions, and sugar causes a small increase. Several foods identified were either neutral or had low or very low evidence regarding their effects on LDL cholesterol levels.
Green tea, coffee, wine, and curry have beneficial health effects due to the polyphenols they contain, which possess both antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties.
2021 Molecules The Beneficial Effects of Principal Polyphenols from Green Tea, Coffee, Wine, and Curry on Obesity Ohishi T, Fukutomi R, Shoji Y, Goto S, Isemura M
Review Article Anti-Diabetic Anticancer Antioxidant
The research leverages epidemiological studies, clinical trials, cell-based studies and animal tests to examine the effects of green tea, coffee, wine, and curry -- and their key polyphenols -- on human health. The polyphenols investigated include epigallocatechin gallate in green tea, chlorogenic acid in coffee, resveratrol in wine, and curcumin in curry. The study concentrates on the workings of these polyphenols, primarily focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS), and how they perform both anti- and pro-oxidant functions, fundamentally influencing different enzymes and factors with health contributions.
In the discussion of the results, it is mentioned that the anti-oxidative actions of these polyphenols assist in the scavenging of ROS and the downregulation of the nuclear factor-κB, yielding beneficial anti-inflammatory effects. Conversely, their pro-oxidant actions appear to elevate ROS production, encouraging the activation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase that regulates different enzymes and factors for health improvement. However, the exact mechanism of how these polyphenols exhibit either pro- or anti-oxidant effects remains unclear. Also, the research underscores that while many studies note their health benefits, some others show no positive effects on health conditions such as obesity, suggesting that outcomes could be influenced by various study factors.
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