Insights & Discussion
Pomegranate has been confirmed to improve clinical features and reduce inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptosis markers in osteoarthritis.
In the methodology, a systematic review was conducted using established databases like Scopus, PubMed, Embase, WOS, ProQuest, and Google Scholar up until February 2021. Both MESH and non-MESH keyword searches were performed in the title, abstract, and keywords. The review considered full-text clinical, animal, and in vitro studies in all languages and specifically excluded review articles, book chapters, conference abstracts, and research related to pomegranate in health problems other than osteoarthritis. A manual search was performed to examine the references or citations of eligible papers as well as grey literature to discover potential researches.
The results of the systematic review included twenty-three articles which all showed the beneficial impact of pomegranate across human, animal, and in vitro studies. These showed improvements in clinical presentations and reductions in inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptosis markers in osteoarthritis. This demonstrated the therapeutic potential of pomegranate for easing the effects of osteoarthritis.
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PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU®, a type of avocado/soybean unsaponifiable product, displays superior pharmacological activity due to its unique composition, including a high inhibitory effect on pro-inflammatory factors.
2022 Frontiers in Pharmacology Composition Analysis and Pharmacological Activity of Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiable Products Used in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Lambert C, Bellemère G, Boyer G, Ponelle F, Bauer T, Legeny MC, et al.
Experimental Study Avocado-Soybean Unsaponifiables Osteoarthritis
The study began with the characterisation of the lipid content of seven different avocado/soybean unsaponifiable (ASU) products through gas chromatography analysis performed on a VARIAN 3400 chromatograph. In parallel, the effects of these products were tested on human osteoarthritis chondrocytes (cartilage cells) cultured in alginate beads. The researchers focused on the effects of these ASU products on aggrecan, key interleukins, and matrix metalloproteases.
In terms of results, PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU® stood out due to a specific profile involving unique chromatographic peaks and the presence of specific compounds like alkyl furan fraction, alkyl triols, and squalene. Remarkably, this product showed heightened efficacy in inhibiting production of nitric oxide, interleukins, and catabolic factors. Meanwhile, excepting two products, the remaining ASUs showed varied capacity in increasing aggrecan production, a positive factor in the context of osteoarthritis treatment.
Avocado/soy unsaponifiables effectively treat osteoarthritis by controlling the balance between oxidant and antioxidant molecular markers.
2021 Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Avocado/soy unsaponifiables can redress the balance between serum antioxidant and oxidant levels in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study Jangravi Z, Basereh S, Zaree Mahmoudabadi A, Saberi M, Alishiri GH, Korani M
Randomised Controlled Trial Antioxidant Avocado Avocado Unsaponifiable
The methodology used in this study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Forty osteoarthritis patients were classified into two groups: one received avocado/soy unsaponifiables (ASU) for three months followed by three months of placebo, and the other group received a placebo first for three months followed by three months of ASU. The patients' oxidant status was evaluated by measuring their serum malonldialdehyde (MDA). Other measures such as total antioxidant capacity, reduced glutathione, and antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase were also assessed.
After three months of treatment, all patients who were given avocado/soy unsaponifiables exhibited a significant decrease in their serum MDA levels, indicating lower oxidative stress. In comparison, these levels were higher at baseline and after placebo treatment. Furthermore, the treatment with avocado/soy unsaponifiables resulted in positive changes in the patients' antioxidant levels. Analysis also showed that the effect of avocado/soy unsaponifiables was consistent, regardless of the sequence in which the medication was received. These findings demonstrate that avocado/soy unsaponifiables can contribute effectively to the treatment of osteoarthritis by regulating the balance between oxidant and antioxidant molecular markers.
Green tea and its compounds, especially catechins, may potentially prevent and treat osteoarthritis due to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
2020 Longhua Chinese Medicine The possible role of green tea on osteoarthritis: a narrative report Barbalho SM, Goulart RA, Buglio DS, Araujo AC, Guiguer EL
Review Article Anti-Inflammatory Antioxidant Green Tea
The researchers performed an extensive review exploring the potential impact of green tea and its bioactive compounds, chiefly catechins, on osteoarthritis management. Their focus was on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities of these compounds. Based on the review, such compounds can quell inflammation by blocking various signaling pathways interconnected with inflammatory processes. Specifically, they have the potential to suppress the expression of several cytokines and enzymes related to inflammation.
In addition, green tea was noted for its property to neutralize free radicals, thus averting the formation of harmful reactive oxygen species and countering oxidative stress. While many conventional, non-surgical osteoarthritis therapies can lead to numerous adverse effects, the current review suggests that green tea could serve as a safer alternative. It may be a promising direction in the prevention and management of this chronic, painful, and inflammatory condition, which touches a significant number of people globally.
Ginger, through various methods, exhibits promising pain reduction effects for conditions such as dysmenorrhea, muscle soreness, osteoarthritis, low back pain, and migraines.
2020 Phytotherapy Research Clinical trials on pain lowering effect of ginger: A narrative review Rondanelli M, Fossari F, Vecchio V, Gasparri C, Peroni G, Spadaccini D, et al.
Review Article Chronic Pain Ginger Low Back Pain
The review incorporates a vast range of randomized controlled trials conducted over the past decade, where ginger was mainly used for pain relief in distinct conditions. The conditions included dysmenorrhea, delayed onset muscle soreness, osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain, and migraines. The variety of methods used included oral administration, topical application, and aromatic oil massages.
In the analysed trials, for dysmenorrhea and muscle soreness, the considered studies suggested a promising effect after both oral and topical administration of ginger. As for osteoarthritis, most trials demonstrated pain reduction following topical and oral use of ginger, one focused on the beneficial effects of ginger in relieving migraine pain. Last but not least, a trial involving massages with aromatic ginger oil highlighted its potential in reducing chronic low back pain.
Avocado and soybean unsaponifiables may effectively reduce inflammation and symptoms related to osteoarthritis, autoimmune diseases, and menopause.
2020 Biomolecules Avocado–Soybean Unsaponifiables: A Panoply of Potentialities to Be Exploited Salehi B, Rescigno A, Dettori T, Calina D, Docea AO, Singh L, et al.
Review Article Autoimmune Disease Avocado-Soybean Unsaponifiables Menopause
The research involves summarizing various studies on the biological effects of the avocado-soybean unsaponifiables (ASU), highlighting its potent anti-inflammatory properties. The extracted ASU are a combination of elements derived from the fruits and seeds of avocados and soybeans. To understand its impact, the researchers categorized the applications of ASU in treating different conditions such as osteoarthritic pain, hip and knee osteoarthritis, autoimmune diseases, and menopause-related symptoms amongst postmenopausal women.
The discussion revealed significant links between avocado and soybean unsaponifiables and symptom improvement in areas of osteoarthritic pain, autoimmune conditions, and postmenopause. Particularly notable is the ASU mixture's potential role as an adjunct treatment, meaning it’s meant to supplement primary treatments for such conditions. Its benefits were not only limited to physical reduction of inflammation and associated pain, but also improved mood and quality of life for postmenopausal women by significantly reducing menopause-related symptoms. The study also delves into the safety, toxicological considerations, and regulatory practices related to the use of ASU.
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The DOI might be broken link of article provided: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8767078/
—Adrian Y 4 Dec 2023