Insights & Discussion
Avocado consumption is linked to better glucose regulation, with metabolomic biomarkers of avocado intake showing even stronger associations with lower glycemia.
The study used baseline data from 6224 multi-ethnic older adults, including self-reported avocado intake, fasting glucose and insulin. Untargeted plasma proton nuclear magnetic resonance contributed to metabolomic features, with data available for a subset of 3438 participants. The researchers then assessed the incidence of type 2 diabetes over approximately an 18-year follow-up period. They conducted a metabolome-wide association study comparing avocado consumers to nonconsumers and examined the features' associations with glycemia, both cross-sectionally with fasting insulin and glucose, and longitudinally with the incidence of type 2 diabetes.
The research identified three highly-correlated spectral features associated with avocado intake at metabolome-wide significance levels and grouped into a single biomarker. These features didn't demonstrate any strong associations with overall dietary quality or any of the 47 other food groups, reinforcing their validity as an avocado intake biomarker. While avocado intake had a modest effect on lowering fasting insulin, this effect was not significant when adjusting for participants' body mass index. However, the avocado intake biomarker was noticeably related to lower fasting glucose, lower fasting insulin, and a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes, even after adjusting for BMI. This illustrates the considerable influence of metabolomic insights in determining diet-health relationships and the importance of considering individual metabolic differences for health outcomes.
Discover Related Insights
Consumption of unripe avocado extract in the diet may lower postprandial insulin levels in overweight adults with previously elevated insulin levels.
2023 Nutrients Effects of an Unripe Avocado Extract on Glycaemic Control in Individuals with Obesity: A Double-Blinded, Parallel, Randomised Clinical Trial Zhao L, Ingram DK, Gumpricht E, De Paoli T, Teong XT, Liu B, et al.
Randomised Controlled Trial Avocado Blood Sugar Glucose
In this study, a double-blinded, randomised controlled trial was performed on 60 non-diabetic adults (with a majority of 47 being women, average age 48 years, BMI 34.0 kg/m). The participants were stratified by sex and randomised into two groups. One group daily consumed an extract from unripe avocado (10 g finely ground, freeze-dried unripe avocado), while the other took a placebo (10 g finely ground cornmeal supplemented with 5% spinach powder) over a period of 12 weeks. The primary outcome measured was the change in glucose area under the curve (AUC) in response to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test.
The results showed no significant differences between both groups in terms of glucose AUC, insulin AUC, or cardiovascular outcomes. However, in a subgroup analysis focusing on participants with above median baseline postprandial insulin levels, there was a notable reduction in insulin AUC in those who consumed the avocado extract compared to the placebo. This suggests that the daily consumption of an unripe avocado extract, enriched in MH, might not significantly impact glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in obese non-diabetic adults. Nonetheless, there seems to be a potential benefit of this intervention on postprandial insulin levels in individuals with initially elevated insulin responses.