Thyroid Disease
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Recent Insights
Pomegranate has been found to alleviate morphological and functional changes in the thyroid glands induced by Lithium Carbonate by controlling apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Oxidative Stress Pomegranate Peel Thyroid Disease
Chinese medicine could effectively improve thyroid function and the clinical symptoms of patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Thyroid Disease
Findings indicated reductions in patient symptoms and improvements in biomarkers where acupuncture was used alone or in combination therapy against thyroid-relevant illnesses.
Thyroid Disease
Chinese medicine warming and invigorating drugs combined with levothyroxine may improve treatment of hypothyroidism caused by Hashimoto disease more than levothyroxine alone.
Hashimoto Disease Hypothyroidism Thyroid Disease
Related Topics
Research Articles
Published research studies are articles that present the findings of original research that has undergone a peer-review process and has been made publicly available in scholarly journals, books or other media.
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel alleviates lithium‐induced alterations in the thyroid gland of rats by modulating apoptosis and oxidative stress
2022 Nov 18 The Anatomical Record El‐Din WAN, Fadel R, Rashid A, Al‐Mahameed AE, Othman MA
Experimental Study Animal Study Thyroid Disease Oxidative Stress Pomegranate PeelPomegranate has been found to alleviate morphological and functional changes in the thyroid glands induced by Lithium Carbonate by controlling apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Green tea extract modulates lithium-induced thyroid follicular cell damage in rats
2022 Aug 24 Folia Morphologica Zaki SM, Hussein GHA, Helal GM, Arsanyos SF, Abd Algaleel WA
Prolonged use of LC results in hypothyroidism, which is accompanied by structural thyroid damage. LC induced thyroid damage through oxidative stress that prompted sterile inflammation and apoptosis. With the use of GTE, the thyroid gland regained its structure and function. The protecting role of GTE is through antioxidant, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects.
Animal Study Hypothyroidism
Emerging therapeutic role of Prunella vulgaris in thyroid disease
2022 Jul Chinese Herbal Medicines Zhang W, Wuhan Q, Na M, Hu R, Mu Q, Bao X
Herbs such as P. vulgaris have great potential for treating thyroid disorders owing to their anti-oxidation and immunological effects and are frequently used as ingredients in herbal recipes. P. vulgaris is thought to combat drug toxicity within the body, therefore its own active ingredients have attracted much attention. The use of P. vulgaris with other drugs resulted in significant elimination of swollen nodules, reduced inflammatory response, and improved thyroid function. These effects of P. vulgaris benefit the clinical treatment of thyroid disease while having reduced drug-induced side effects and improved therapeutic effects. However, with only a few studies presenting treatment with Prunella vulgaris alone, further investigation is needed to to explore the physiological mechanisms.
Review Article Xia Ku Cao
Summary of Experience in Treating Hyperthyroidism with TCM Syndrome Differentiation
2022 Jan Journal of Biosciences and Medicines Chen X, Wang L, Liu Z, Ren K, Qi G
In accordance with the principle of TCM syndrome differentiation, hyperthyroidism is classified according to different syndrome types and different treatment methods are adopted, and the effect is remarkable.
Hyperthyroidism
Safety and efficacy of Prunella vulgaris preparation in adjuvant treatment of thyroid nodules
2021 Oct 15 Medicine Han Q, Xu N, Chen B, Wu W, Sheng L
PV combined with levothyroxine sodium tablets or thyroxin tablets has more benefits for thyroid nodules, further improving the clinical efficiency, reducing the diameter of nodules and reducing the occurrence of adverse reactions. However, the quality of these studies is uncertain, and higher quality and more RCTs are needed to provide comprehensive evidence-based medical evidence in the future.
Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Xia Ku Cao Thyroid NoduleResearch Insights
Insights are moderated by the Research Hub team and offer an at-a-glance overview of interesting research findings.
Pomegranate has been found to alleviate morphological and functional changes in the thyroid glands induced by Lithium Carbonate by controlling apoptosis and oxidative stress.
2022 The Anatomical Record Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel alleviates lithium‐induced alterations in the thyroid gland of rats by modulating apoptosis and oxidative stress El‐Din WAN, Fadel R, Rashid A, Al‐Mahameed AE, Othman MA
Experimental Study Oxidative Stress Pomegranate Peel
The study divided rats into four groups: control, lithium, lithium-pomegranate, and pomegranate. For eight weeks, the rats were treated according to their respective group assignments. Following this period, they were sacrificed, and an array of assessments were conducted on the extracted thyroid glands. These evaluations included estimated levels of thyroid hormones and markers indicating oxidative stress, along with histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural evaluations of the thyroid tissues.
Observations in the group treated with lithium carbonate showed significant changes in thyroid hormone levels along with an increased expression of the oxidant marker and decreased expression of the antioxidant marker. Additionally, histological evaluation highlighted disorganization and follicle involution, a decline in both staining intensity and immunoreactivity of an antioxidant enzyme, an increase in collagen fiber content and Bax immunoreactivity, and marked distortions in follicular ultrastructure. However, in the group treated with both lithium carbonate and pomegranate, most of these changes were substantially mitigated, thereby indicating the potential protective role of pomegranate against lithium-induced alterations.
Chinese medicine could effectively improve thyroid function and the clinical symptoms of patients with diabetic nephropathy.
2021 Annals of Palliative Medicine Meta-analysis-based systematic review of effect of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in treatment of diabetic nephropathy on thyroid function Zhang X, Wu M, Zhou J, Zhou R, Luo Q, Yue R, et al.
Systematic Review
A meta-analysis conducted to evaluate the thyroid function of patients with DN found that it was impaired to varying degrees. Analysis of the clinical efficacy of TCM intervention in the treatment of DN showed that TCM could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients and improve the treatment effect. However, due to the small sample size, only the curative effect after the treatment was analyzed, and the long-term efficacy of TCM intervention in the treatment of DN remains unknown. Follow-up research of a higher quality involving larger samples, and multi-center RCT trials should be carried out to supplement the deficiencies of this research, and more accurately evaluate the clinical efficacy of TCM intervention in the treatment of DN.
Olive oil and leaf extract derivatives have been demonstrated to stimulate thyroid function in animal studies.
2021 Nutrients Thyroid-Modulating Activities of Olive and Its Polyphenols: A Systematic Review Pang KL, Lumintang JN, Chin KY
Systematic Review Hypothyroidism Olive
In October 2020, a systematic review of literature was conducted to study the effects of olive oil and leaf extract derivatives on thyroid function. The search for relevant information was done using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Evidence was gathered from cellular, animal, and human studies that reported on the impact of these derivatives on thyroid function. 445 articles were identified but only nine were considered based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.
All the chosen articles were animal studies involving the oral administration of olive oil, olive leaf extract, or olive pomace residues. The results consistently indicated that these olive derivatives stimulated thyroid activities in euthyroid or hypothyroid animals. The exact mechanisms by which this occurs remain unknown. From the studies evaluated, olive pomace residue was found unsuitable for health supplementation or pharmaceutical use. Despite encouraging results, there isn't much evidence proving beneficial health effects of olive derivatives in humans, and the therapeutic applications particularly in individuals with hypothyroidism, needs further support through human studies.
Findings indicated reductions in patient symptoms and improvements in biomarkers where acupuncture was used alone or in combination therapy against thyroid-relevant illnesses.
2018 Journal of Integrative Medicine An overview of the contribution of acupuncture to thyroid disorders Cheng FK
Systematic Review
Analysing 29 clinical projects that were retrieved from 29 major digital databases and include 1757 patients aged 7–79 years from China, Italy, Korea, Macedonia and Russia, this narrative review offers an overview of the efficacy, and evaluated the safe and cost-effective use of acupuncture against hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and thyroid-relevant illnesses. Findings indicated reductions in patient symptoms and improvements in biomarkers where acupuncture was used alone or in combination therapy. In addition to showing the role of acupuncture as an alternative and complementary medicine or as an adjunctive therapy for curative and rehabilitative purposes, more well-designed researches are needed to achieve reliable data.
Chinese medicine warming and invigorating drugs combined with levothyroxine may improve treatment of hypothyroidism caused by Hashimoto disease more than levothyroxine alone.
2016 Annals of Translational Medicine A systematic review of combinatorial treatment with warming and invigorating drugs and levothyroxine for hypothyroidism caused by Hashimoto disease Xiangwen Cheng, Zixiao Wei, Guangde Zhang, Xin Shao, Bo Li, Rui Gao
Systematic Review Hashimoto Disease Hypothyroidism
This systematic review pooled several indices of hypothyroidism caused by HT according to “China’s Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease” and correlation studies. The results showed that the combination of warming and invigorating drugs and levothyroxine increased FT3 and FT4 levels, and reduced TSH, TPOAb, and TGAb levels in patients with hypothyroidism cause by HT more than levothyroxine alone after treatments of 8 weeks or longer. With the exception of FT4, the results were stable.
In conclusion, we cautiously recommend prescribing warming and invigorating drugs along with levothyroxine for the treatment of hypothyroidism caused by Hashimoto disease. However, high-quality evidence is needed to confirm these results. To guarantee evidence quality, a strict study design, which includes a large sample, an unbiased randomization method, full concealment, proper blinding, and appropriate statistical analyses, is vital. In addition, clinical curative effects of TCM, such as TCM syndromes, should be standardized and unified to reduce clinical heterogeneity and methodology heterogeneity. Finally, a strict registration system for clinical trials is required to remove reporting biases.
Review Articles
Review articles summarise and critically evaluate the current state of research on a specific topic or field by synthesising multiple primary research studies.
Emerging therapeutic role of Prunella vulgaris in thyroid disease
2022 Jul Chinese Herbal Medicines Zhang W, Wuhan Q, Na M, Hu R, Mu Q, Bao X
Herbs such as P. vulgaris have great potential for treating thyroid disorders owing to their anti-oxidation and immunological effects and are frequently used as ingredients in herbal recipes. P. vulgaris is thought to combat drug toxicity within the body, therefore its own active ingredients have attracted much attention. The use of P. vulgaris with other drugs resulted in significant elimination of swollen nodules, reduced inflammatory response, and improved thyroid function. These effects of P. vulgaris benefit the clinical treatment of thyroid disease while having reduced drug-induced side effects and improved therapeutic effects. However, with only a few studies presenting treatment with Prunella vulgaris alone, further investigation is needed to to explore the physiological mechanisms.
Review Article Xia Ku CaoSafety and efficacy of Prunella vulgaris preparation in adjuvant treatment of thyroid nodules
2021 Oct 15 Medicine Han Q, Xu N, Chen B, Wu W, Sheng L
PV combined with levothyroxine sodium tablets or thyroxin tablets has more benefits for thyroid nodules, further improving the clinical efficiency, reducing the diameter of nodules and reducing the occurrence of adverse reactions. However, the quality of these studies is uncertain, and higher quality and more RCTs are needed to provide comprehensive evidence-based medical evidence in the future.
Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Xia Ku Cao Thyroid NoduleMeta-analysis-based systematic review of effect of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in treatment of diabetic nephropathy on thyroid function
2021 Jun 16 Annals of Palliative Medicine Zhang X, Wu M, Zhou J, Zhou R, Luo Q, Yue R, et al.
Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Thyroid DiseaseChinese medicine could effectively improve thyroid function and the clinical symptoms of patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Thyroid-Modulating Activities of Olive and Its Polyphenols: A Systematic Review
2021 Feb 06 Nutrients Pang KL, Lumintang JN, Chin KY
Systematic Review Olive HypothyroidismOlive oil and leaf extract derivatives have been demonstrated to stimulate thyroid function in animal studies.
An overview of the contribution of acupuncture to thyroid disorders
2018 Nov Journal of Integrative Medicine Cheng FK
Systematic Review Randomised Controlled Trial Thyroid DiseaseFindings indicated reductions in patient symptoms and improvements in biomarkers where acupuncture was used alone or in combination therapy against thyroid-relevant illnesses.
Clinical Trials
Clinical trials are research studies that involve people and are conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of new treatments or interventions, such as drugs, medical devices, or behavioural therapies.
An overview of the contribution of acupuncture to thyroid disorders
2018 Nov Journal of Integrative Medicine Cheng FK
Systematic Review Randomised Controlled Trial Thyroid DiseaseFindings indicated reductions in patient symptoms and improvements in biomarkers where acupuncture was used alone or in combination therapy against thyroid-relevant illnesses.
The effects of acupuncture after thyroid surgery: A randomized, controlled trial
2014 Dec 1 Surgery Iacobone M, Citton M, Zanella S, Scarpa M, Pagura G, Tropea S, et al.
This academic research showed high efficacy of acupuncture for pain relief after thyroid surgery. Patients with regular acupuncture treatments required less pain killers and experienced less side effects.
Randomised Controlled Trial Thyroid DiseaseStudy Protocols
Published study protocols are detailed plans that outline the objectives, methodology, statistical analyses, and organisation of a research study that have been made publicly available for others to review and use as a reference.
Acupuncture for Hashimoto thyroiditis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
2021 Jan 21 Trials Wang S, Zhao J, Zeng W, Du W, Zhong T, Gao H, et al.
The study aims to assess whether penetration needling of Hand-Yangming meridian (PNHM) acupuncture therapy can effectively reduce concentrations of anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb), antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), and improve thyroid hormone levels, subsequently enhancing the quality of life for HT patients.
Study Protocol Acupuncture Hashimoto DiseaseThe efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment and the fertility improvement in child-bearing period female with Hashimoto Disease A randomized controlled study
2020 Jul 02 Medicine Li, Fangyuan; Qi, Zhang; Hua, Lu; Wang, Xinxin; Ling, Mi; Juan, et al.
This will be the first large-scale trial specifically evaluating acupuncture therapy in child-bearing period female with Hashimoto thyroiditis.
Study Protocol Acupuncture Hashimoto DiseaseThe efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment and the fertility improvement in child-bearing period female with Hashimoto Disease
2020 Jul 02 Medicine Li F, Qi Z, Hua L, Wang X, Ling M, Juan D
This will be the first large-scale trial specifically evaluating acupuncture therapy in child-bearing period females with Hashimoto thyroiditis. If the study confirms the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment, more consistent acupuncture therapy can be set up for clinical practice.
Study Protocol Hashimoto Disease Female FertilityPresentation Slides
Pomegranate has been found to alleviate morphological and functional changes in the thyroid glands induced by Lithium Carbonate by controlling apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Chinese medicine could effectively improve thyroid function and the clinical symptoms of patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Olive oil and leaf extract derivatives have been demonstrated to stimulate thyroid function in animal studies.
Findings indicated reductions in patient symptoms and improvements in biomarkers where acupuncture was used alone or in combination therapy against thyroid-relevant illnesses.
Chinese medicine warming and invigorating drugs combined with levothyroxine may improve treatment of hypothyroidism caused by Hashimoto disease more than levothyroxine alone.
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