Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

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Chinese Medicine Research Hub

Review Article

Nutrition, particularly an anti-inflammatory Mediterranean diet supplemented with oily fish and omega-3 supplements, can potentially reduce inflammation and improve symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.

2023 Autoimmunity Reviews Nutrition and its role in prevention and management of rheumatoid arthritis
Nikiphorou E, Philippou E

Chinese Medicine Research Hub

Review Article

Sardines, being an affordable source of Omega-3 and other cardioprotective nutrients, can potentially reduce the need for Omega-3 supplementation and manage cardiometabolic diseases.

2023 Frontiers in Nutrition Eating more sardines instead of fish oil supplementation: Beyond omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a matrix of nutrients with cardiovascular benefits
Santos HO, May TL, Bueno AA

Chinese Medicine Research Hub

Experimental Study

Using grape seed oil in the sardine canning process enhances the lipid nutritional quality and increases the fat, protein, and ash contents.

2022 Journal of Food Science and Technology Variations in nutritional quality and fatty acids composition of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) during canning process in grape seed and olive oils
Bouriga N, Rjiba Bahri W, Mili S, Massoudi S, Quignard JP, Trabelsi M

Chinese Medicine Research Hub

Meta-Analysis

Polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment shows improved outcomes for patients with nonspecific typical dry eye disease, in particular as a short-term intervention.

2019 Nutrients Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Nonspecific Typical Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Chi SC, Tuan HI, Kang YN

Chinese Medicine Research Hub

Clinical Study

Adding fresh herbs like parsley and chives to air-fried sardines reduces the levels of harmful cholesterol oxidation products formed during cooking.

2017 Journal of Food Science Impact of Air Frying on Cholesterol and Fatty Acids Oxidation in Sardines: Protective Effects of Aromatic Herbs
Ferreira FS, Sampaio GR, Keller LM, Sawaya ACHF, Chávez DWH, Torres EAFS, Saldanha T

Chinese Medicine Research Hub

Practice Guideline

Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have various health benefits for postmenopausal women including reducing triglycerides and improving depression and psychotic symptoms.

2017 Maturitas Recommendations of the Spanish Menopause Society on the consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by postmenopausal women
Sánchez-Borrego R, von Schacky C, Osorio MJA, Llaneza P, Pinto X, Losa F, Navarro MC, Lubián D, Mendoza N

Executive Summary

Write an executive summary in the form of a blog article on the topic of "Research into Chinese medicine treatment for Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids" summarising the research below and using language that can be easily understood by patients and avoiding medical jargon using a professional and caring tone of voice.

Write an executive summary in the form of a blog article on the topic of "Researched Chinese medicine treatments for Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids" summarising the research below in an objective and easy to understand way, and using language that can be easily understood by patients. Group the article into Chinese medicine treatments first, followed by nutrition and other treatments. Avoid using medical jargon and use a professional and caring tone of voice.

Write me a concise but easy to understand executive summary on the topic of "Chinese medicine treatments for Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids" based on the following research that I will give you. Your summary should be 2 paragraphs long in Australian English spelling and include references to the studies.

A Review Article published in 2023 in the journal Autoimmunity Reviews found that Nutrition, particularly an anti-inflammatory Mediterranean diet supplemented with oily fish and omega-3 supplements, can potentially reduce inflammation and improve symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. The review examines evidence indicating a possible connection between nutrition and the risk and management of rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease having an immune-inflammatory response. The impact of different food types was considered, including pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory foods. Specifically, the research highlights the effectiveness of a Mediterranean diet, rich in fish and supplemented with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, in reducing inflammation and oxidation. Other factors such as herbs and spices, beverages, vitamin D, and probiotics were also taken into account. The research emphasizes the direct and indirect role of nutrition through the management of co-morbidity. The disease activity was observed to improve with dietary changes, particularly a propensity to reduce inflammation, oxidation, and beneficial effects on gut microbiota. An anti-inflammatory Mediterranean diet, supplemented with consumption of oily fish at least twice a week, and daily intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements of 2 g, has been recommended. The study also highlights the importance of rheumatologists working closely with registered dietitians to support patients in managing a well-balanced diet according to their individual needs.

A Review Article published in 2023 in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition found that Sardines, being an affordable source of Omega-3 and other cardioprotective nutrients, can potentially reduce the need for Omega-3 supplementation and manage cardiometabolic diseases. The abstract primarily acknowledges the importance of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with respect to managing diseases related to heart health and metabolism, for instance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia, and fatty liver disease. However, these fatty acids are not the sole beneficial component of sardines. Minerals including but not limited to calcium, potassium, and magnesium as well as substances like taurine and arginine found in sardines have a significant role in controlling mild inflammation and oxidative stress which are usually present in cardiovascular diseases and hemodynamic dysfunction. The results discussed in the abstract suggest a positive correlation between consumption of sardines and potential cardiometabolic benefits. By considering the dose-response relationship effects, a pragmatic approach towards consumption of nutrients was suggested. The intake of sardines was seen not only as a means of Omega-3 supplementation but also as a comprehensive approach to enhancing cardiovascular health. The abstract concludes with an emphasis on the many beneficial nutrients found in sardines besides Omega-3, underlining the need to shift the focus from synthetic supplementation to natural dietary improvement.

A Experimental Study published in 2022 in the journal Journal of Food Science and Technology found that Using grape seed oil in the sardine canning process enhances the lipid nutritional quality and increases the fat, protein, and ash contents. The researchers employed grape seed oil (GSO) in the canning process of sardines, comparing its effects on the nutritional quality of the canned fish to that of the traditional olive oil (OO). The assessment focused on the quantities of polyphenols, flavonoids, and non flavonoids present in both the GSO and OO, while also considering the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) specifically linoleic acid in the GSO. The fat, protein, and ash content in the canned sardines were also tracked over a period of 90 days. In the results discussion, it was observed that GSO contained significantly higher levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, and non flavonoids than OO. Additionally, GSO was rich in PUFA, particularly linoleic acid. Following the canning process, canned sardines preserved using GSO demonstrated a significant increase in protein, fat, and ash content. Notably, the use of both GSO and OO resulted in a decrease in both atherogenic and thrombogenic indices to less than 1, implying improved lipid nutritional quality. Critically, levels of thiobarbituric acid and Total volatile base nitrogen remained below critical limits.

A Meta-Analysis published in 2019 in the journal Nutrients found that Polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment shows improved outcomes for patients with nonspecific typical dry eye disease, in particular as a short-term intervention. In this research, randomized clinical trials were searched from various databases, which included Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science, all investigating the impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on patients with nonspecific typical dry eye disease. The trials were conducted until March 2019. A total of thirteen eligible clinical trials with 1782 patients were eventually included. Specific data points such as tear breakup time, Schirmer's test, osmolarity, and ocular surface disease index were extracted by two independent reviewers. A pairwise meta-analysis was undertaken using means and standard deviations under a random-effects model for various outcomes. This research demonstrated that patients who received treatment solely with PUFAs showed significant improvements in specific observations such as tear breakup time, Schirmer's test scores, osmolarity, and ocular surface disease index when compared with patients who only received a placebo. However, it was noted that the positive effects of PUFAs on tear breakup time and ocular surface disease index scores decreased as the duration of treatment increased. Despite this, PUFAs were found to be effective for treating nonspecific typical dry eye disease, especially as a short-term treatment option and displayed few adverse events. The study therefore concluded that PUFA supplements could be beneficial to patients with nonspecific typical dry eye disease who are not using other types of eye medication concurrently.

A Clinical Study published in 2017 in the journal Journal of Food Science found that Adding fresh herbs like parsley and chives to air-fried sardines reduces the levels of harmful cholesterol oxidation products formed during cooking. To conduct this study, sardine fillets were air fried, a method considered healthier as it allows frying without oil. The research then revolved around the monitoring of two types of substances: cholesterol oxidation products (COPs), theorised to increase with the high heat, and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which typically decrease in such conditions. In the analysis of the results, it was observed that, indeed, cooking through air frying escalated the levels of COPs while diminishing that of essential PUFAs. The experiment further introduced fresh herbs, namely parsley, chives and a mix of both, owing to their properties as natural antioxidants. This addition was observed to lower the levels of COPs formed, indicating a healthier outcome. Specifically, air-fried sardines with 4% cheiro-verde (the mixed herbs) offered the best protection against lipid or fat oxidation.

A Practice Guideline published in 2017 in the journal Maturitas found that Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have various health benefits for postmenopausal women including reducing triglycerides and improving depression and psychotic symptoms. A panel of experienced experts from the Spanish Menopause Society embarked to establish a comprehensive set of recommendations for the intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by postmenopausal women. This was steered based on the best available evidence and research. It was especially noted that the consumption of these fatty acids, at doses higher than 3 grams per day, proved to significantly decrease the levels of triglycerides in the body. The results obtained from this study are promising and underline the potential health benefits of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for postmenopausal women. Alongside reducing triglyceride levels, they also contribute to antiarrhythmic effects, reduction in blood pressure, and improvements in depressive and psychotic symptoms. Furthermore, it was noted that their consumption does not increase the risk of cancer in these women. The potential of these fatty acids in providing relief from menopause symptoms and osteoporosis was also explored, yielding positive indications.

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